A Beginner’s Guide
The topic of security in IoT is extensive. As extensive as the list of IoT devices itself. In order to make our projects resilient to security threats, it is essential to implement a comprehensive set of best practices.
So, let us begin. Here are key strategies essential to increasing the security of your IoT Systems.
- Implement Strong Authentication Mechanisms
This is where we mention the basics like using strong passwords and MFA (multi-factor authentication). It might seem trivial but security starts here. At an individual level.
Furthermore, let us not forget the importance of regularly updating the authentication credentials and avoiding default passwords.
- Data Encryption
Data should be encrypted using industry-standard protocols such as AES-256. AES-256 (Advanced Encryption Standard with a 256-bit key) is a symmetric encryption algorithm used to protect sensitive data across various applications used by government, military, and commercial sectors.
Another good idea is to use the Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol. It is a cryptographic protocol used to encrypt data whilst being transmitted between clients and servers.
- Secure Boot and Firmware Updates
Using a secure boot should prevent unauthorized software from running and confirm that the firmware is verified as authentic.
Devices should receive automatic updates that patch all the potential holes. This process does not require user involvement.
- Network Segmentation
Network segmentation means that IoT devices are isolated from critical systems. Thus limiting the potential impact of a breach by restricting access to critical and sensitive network areas.
Recently acquired devices should be reviewed before being connected to the main network. This so-called zero-trust protocol.
- Continuous Monitoring and Incident Response
Continuous monitoring systems should be implemented in order to detect any deviations. The system should be able to alert us about any anomalies or unauthorized access.
IoT-tailored incident response, as well as disaster recovery plans, should be implemented in your organization. It will help to rectify security issues like breaches.
- Regular Software and Firmware Updates
Software and firmware should be always updated to protect against newly discovered threats. Automating the patching process is also a good idea.
- Device Identity and Access Management
In order to ensure each device can be securely authenticated within the network, it is a good idea to use centralised management systems.
Furthermore, use the least privilege principle and limit access to only necessary resources and areas.
- Conduct Regular Security Audits
Your IoT environment should constantly be under vulnerability assessment. Compliance checks and penetration testing should be conducted regularly.
Your organization should also reach 3rd party auditors and request systematic security audits.
An audit will reveal vulnerabilities and provide guidelines on improving security measures.
All the above guidelines, however challenging, are indispensable to building a secure and successful IoT organization. The tug-of-war between security measures and ways of overwhelming or bypassing them is an ever-present contest. Tipping the scale in favour of having secure systems and architectures is the difference between building successful IoT projects and lagging behind while losing customers and being subjected to dire consequences including legal ones.
